Landslides Triggered by Hurricane Hugo in Eastern Puerto Rico, September 1989

نویسندگان

  • M. C. LARSEN
  • A. J. TORRES SANCHEZ
چکیده

– On the morning of September 18, 1989, a category-four hurricane struck eastern Puerto Rico with a sustained wind speed in excess of 46 m/sec. The 24-h rainfall accumulation from the hurricane ranged from 100 to 339 mm. Average rainfall intensities ranging from 34 to 39 mm/h were calculated for 4 and 6 h periods, respectively, at a rain gage equipped with satellite telemetry, and at an observer station. The hurricane rainfall triggered more than 400 landslides in the steeply sloping, highly dissected mountains of eastern Puerto Rico. Of these landslides, 285 were mapped from aerial photography which covered 6474 ha. Many of the mapped landslides were on northeastand northwest-facing slopes at the eastern terminus of the mountains, nearest the hurricane path. The surface area of individual landslides ranged from 18 m2 to 4500 m2, with a median size of 148 m2. The 285 landslides disturbed 0.11% of the land surface in the area covered by aerial photographs. An approximate denudation rate of 164 mm/1000 yr was calculated from the volume of material eroded by landsliding and the 10-yr rainfall recurrence interval. RESUMEN . — En la manana del 18 de septiembre de 1989, un huracan de categoria cuatro paso por el sector este de Puerto Rico con vientos sostenidos de mas de 46 metros por segundo. La acumulacion de lluvia en 24 horas fue de 100 y 339 mm. La intensidades promedio de lluvia alcanzaron entre 34 a 39 mm por hora en periodos de 4 y 6 horas respectivamente, en un pluviometro con telemetric de satelite y otro en una estacion de observacion. El huracan causo mas de 400 deslizamientos en las montanas del sector este de Puerto Rico, cuyas pendientes son muy escarpadas y de alto relieve. De estos deslizamientos, 285 fueron localizados usando fotos aereas que cubren un area de 6474 ha. Muchos de los deslizamientos estan ubicados en las pendientes que miran al noreste y noroeste en el extremo este de las montanas, mas cerca del paso del huracan. El area de la superficie de los deslizamientos midio entre 18 y 4500 m2 y el tamano mediano fue de 148 m2. Los 285 deslizamientos afectaron 0.11% de la superficie representada en las fotos aereas. Una tasa de denudacion aproximada de 164 mm por 1000 anos fue calculada usando el volumen del material erodado por los deslizamientos y el intervalo de recurrencia de 10 anos de lluvia.

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تاریخ انتشار 1997